Sequence LIST
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Blastospora betulae
Detail Info
Scientific Name Mycologia 73: 577. 1981.
Synonyms Uromyces deformans Berk. & Broome, in Berkeley, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 16: 52. 1878 (1877).
Caeoma deformans (Berk. & Broome) Tubeuf, Bot. Centralbl. 61: 48. 1896.
Disease Rust disease on Betula spp. and Thujopsis spp. (birch rust, cedar–birch rust)
Taxonomic Rank
Order Pucciniales Family Pucciniastraceae
paper
Distribution Reported only from Japan, particularly in northern and cool temperate mountainous regions (Kaneko & Hiratsuka 1981; Hiratsuka et al. 1992; Kakishima et al. 1993; Kobayashi 2007).
Characteristics Heteroecious macrocyclic rust fungus. Spermogonia on malformed needles of Thujopsis dolabrata, broadly ovoid with elongated neck (150–200 µm). Aecia Caeoma-type, yellow to orange, producing verrucose aeciospores (35–55 × 24–37 µm). Uredinia and telia on Betula leaves; urediniospores globose (22–30 × 20–30 µm), echinulate; teliospores one-celled (55–70 × 40–65 µm), smooth with thickened apical wall. Metabasidia produced in situ.
Notes Proven heteroecious macrocyclic life cycle between Thujopsis (aecial host) and Betula (uredinial/telial host) confirmed by experimental inoculations (Kakishima et al. 1993). Causes witches’-broom symptoms on conifer hosts and can disrupt silviculture of valuable timber species in Japan.
Economic importance Important forest pathogen in Japan; affects timber production of Thuja and Thujopsis species in northern and cool temperate mountain regions.
References Kaneko S, Hiratsuka N. 1981. Mycologia 73: 577.
Kakishima M, Imazu M, Kaneko S. 1993. Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 34: 187–193.
Hiratsuka N et al. 1992. The rust flora of Japan. Tsukuba Shuppankai.
Kobayashi T. 2007. Index of fungi inhabiting woody plants in Japan. Zenkoku-Noson-Kyoiku Kyokai Publishing Co.
MN000005 ITS ( 4,248 bp ) 
GCCAGTTATCCCTGTGGTAAGTTTTATGGAACCTCTAGGTTTAAATGCTCAGGGACTAAAGGATTTATAGGCCACACTTTCATGGTTTGTATTGACACTG
AATATCAAAATCAATGGGACTTTTACCCTTTGGTTGTACTTGAGATTTTTGTTCTCAATGAGTCCCCCTTAGGAAACCTGTGTTATCATTCAACAGATGT
GCTGCCCCAGCCACACTTCCCACCTGACAATGTCTTCAACCCAGATTGTCCTATAAAATACCTCAGCTCTAAGAAGTGGGATGTTAATCCCAGCTCTGCT
GTATGAATAAGTAAAAAGAAAAGAAAGGTAGTGTTATTTCACTGGAGCTTCTGCTCCAACCCCCTTCTACACCCTCTATGTCTTTTCAAAATGTCAAACT
AGAGTCAAGCTTAACAGGGTCTTCTTTCACGACTGATTCTACCAAGCCTGTTCCCTTGGCTGTGGCTTTCCTAGATAGTAGATAGGGACAGTGGGACTGT
TGTTAATCCATTCATGCACGTCACTAATTATATGACCAGGAATTTGGCTACCTTAAGGGAGTAATAGTTACTCCTGCCATTTACCCAGGCTTGGTTGAAT
TTCTTCATTTTGACATTCAGAGCAGTGGGAAGAAATCACATTGTATCAACACCATTTTCTGGCCATCACAATTCTATGTTTTAATTAGACAGTCAGATTC
CTCTTGTCTGTTCCAGTTCATAGTTGACAGTTGATTTCTTGCCAGACACATTTAAAATGTGCCCAAAACATCACAATAAAGTTCCATCCAAGTCCGCCAC
TAGTTTCCTAGTAGTAATCCTAGTCAGATCCTTAAAGATATATTAAGGGCCCAACAAGCCCTGCCCTATGGGCCAATCCTTTTGCCAAAGTTACGGATCT
ATTTTTCCAACTTCCCTTATCTATATTACTCTATTTACCAGAGCCTGCTCACCTTGGGGACCTGATGCGGATATTGGCACAGTTGGGTACAAGGGCTTGT
AAATCCCTTGTTTTTTCAAGGATTCTCAAGGACACACCAGACTTTAAAGCAGTGTAAATCTCTACCCATCAATAAACCCTATCTCCACATAGTTTTCTTC
CAGGGTTTCAGATTGTTAAGGAGAAAAGAAAACTGTTCCTGGGGTCCTTGCAGATGTAACCAAGCTCATATATGTTACCATTCAAAATCTGTATCCCAGT
TGTGGAGTTTTAACTACCTTCCATTTCAATAGGTGATGCTAACAAGAGCATACTTTAAAACAGGATTTCCCTATCTTTTAGGACTGACTAACTCATGTCC
CACTACTGTAACCATGGAAACCTTCCCCACTTCAGTCTTCAAGGTTCTCACTTGAATATTTGCTACTTCCACCAAAATTTGCACTAGAGGCTATTTCACT
CAGAATCACCGCTAAACCTTCAACACAAAATCCCCCACCTTCCTACTCATTAATATTTTGAATAATATTAATGACAAGGTATAGGAAATACACTTAAGCA
CCATCTATTTTCAGGGCTAGTTCATTCGGCCATTGAGTTGCTACACACTCATTAGCCAATTAGGACTTCCATGGCTAGTGTACCGCTGTCTAGATGACCT
AACACCTTTTGTGGTGTCTCATGAGCGTATATTCTGGAAACTTAACCTTGCATTTGGTTCATCCCTCATTGCCAGTTCTGCTTACCAAAAATGGCCCACA
AGAGACTCTCATTCAAATTCCTAAGTTCAATTAAGAAACAGGGGTATCTTACATATTTAAAGTTTGAGAATAGGTTAAGAATGTTTCATCCCCAAGGCCT
CTAATCATTACCTTTACCTCATAAAACTGATGTGAGTCTCTGCTATCCTGAGGGAAAATTTGGCAGGAACCTGCTACTAAATTGACCAATTAGTCTTTCA
CCCCTATACCCAAATTTGACAAGCTATTTTCATGTCAGAAATGCTATGAGATTCCACCAGATTTTGTCTGTCTTTGCCCTATCCAGCTCCCAGAATACTT
GCTCTTACTCAGTAACATCAATAAGTAATCTGGATTGGTCAATAGTGCACTTTTTAAACATCCCATTTACATTCACTTTCATCATGCATAAGGGTTTTAA
CACACAAAGACTTGCAAGCATGTTATACTCCTTGGTCTGTGTTTAAAGAAAGGTAATTGAAAGCTATTATACCAAAATTCTCAAAGAAATGATTAATTTG
TTTTACCAGACAAATGGCTTATTGCAATCCTTAATCTTAAAAATTGTATTGAATTTAAGGATTATAACACAGCCTAAACTGCAACATCTCTAAAAGCCTT
CTCCAACATTCAAAGATTGATGTTGGTCTGTTGATCATTAGAATACACCATTAGAAAAGCTGTACTAACAATGAAAAGTCTAACTTCAAATTTTTCCCTT
TTAACAATTTCACATACTGTTGACTCTCTTTCCAAAGTTCTTTTCATCTTTCCCACACAATAATTGTTTGCTATTGGTCTCTCACCTAGGTTTAACCTTA
GATGGAATTCAACATCCACTTTGACCTTCATCCCCAAACAACTCAACTCTTAGATACTGTATCATATAGTACTACTTATCCATTTCATAAATGGGATTAT
CACCCTCAATGATGCTGTTTTCCAATGGACTTATAAATGGGGTAGCACATAAAACAGCTCTTCGAATTACAACTCAGACTCTAAAATAGCCAGATTTCAA
ATTTGGGCTTTTCCCTCTTCATTTGCTGATACTGGGGTAATCCATTTTTGTTTCTTTTCCTCTGCTTATTGATATGCTCAAGTTCAGCAGGTAGTACCAC
CTGATTTGAGGTCTTAAACAAAACATTTCTCATACTGACAGGTTAGAAGCAATTTCATTCCTGTGAAGCAATGGAAGTATTTGAAAGATACACTTCTTAA
TGAAGATAATATATCACATTAAGTCAATCCAAATCAAAGTATGAAAAAAACTTATATATTTGAAGTGAGCCAATTACAGAAACTTGCAAAATAAATTAGA
GAATCTTAATAAAATACAATGAATTAATAAGAAATTTTTATGAAACTCAAACAGGTTTGCCATTCTGAATACAAAGAGGCACAGATTGTGTTCAAAGATT
CAAATATTCACTGAATTCTGAAATTCACATTTCTAATCATATTTAGCTGTGTTCTTCATTGATGTGAGAGCCTACAGATCCATTGTTAAAAGCTATATCA
TTTTTTGGTTTTTACATTCTTAAAACTTGATTTTAGACAATAAAAATAAGGGGGGAATGTGACAAATATTCATATCTTTCCCACATATCACAAATTACTA
TGTTTCAATAAAGACACATGTAATAAGGTAGAAGGTGTTTAAAATTCAAGAATTTATACCAAAATTGAGTTCACTCATTTCTTAATATTGATCCTTCCAC
AGGTTCACCTATGGAATCCTTGTTAAGGCTTTTACTTCCATAAATGACCAATTTTGTAGAACTCTGAAACAGTAAAGTGCTTTTTTCAACTCTTTGTAGT
CTCTCCGAATGCCTCATCAGGCTATTCAATTGGTAGTAGCAAAGGGCAGGGCACTAATAAACCCATTCTGATTACATACACTTACTAGGCATTCCTTGTT
GAAGCCAAGTGATTGCAATGCTCTATCCCCATCACAACCAGGTTTCACAATATTACCCAATCCTTTCAGATAAGGTGATATACTTTCTGGCTTGGTCAGT
GTAGTGCGTGTGCAGCCCAGAACATTTAAGGAAATTACAGACCTGTTATTTCCACTGACTGCCATCAACTAAACTTTGATACTCCCTCTAAGAAGTAAGA
AGTCAGCCTTAGCCAACTGGACTATTTAGCAGGGAAAGGCCTTGTTCATTATTGAAATTAACCTGACAAATAACTCCACCAATTAAGAACTGCCATGCAC
CAACAACCACAAAATCAAGAAAAAGCTATCAATCTGTCAATCCTTACTGTGTCTGGACCTGGTGAGTTTCCCCATGTTGAGTCAAATTAAGCCGCAGGCT
CCACTCCTGGTGGTGCCCTTCTGTCAATTCCTTCAAGTTTGAGCCTTGTGACCAAACTCCCCCAAGAACCTCAACTTAAGGTTTCCCTTTGGGTTCCAAA
CAAGTAATTAAGGATGCTTGTCTCATCCCCAGTTGGAATAGTTTACTATTAAGACTACAATGGTATATGATTGTTTTTGAACCCTTAACCTTTGTTCTTG
CTCAAAGAAATAATCCTTGGAAGATTCTTTTGCAGTAGTTTGTCTTAC
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KUS-F00005 cox2 ( 4,248 bp ) 
GCCAGTTATCCCTGTGGTAAGTTTTATGGAACCTCTAGGTTTAAATGCTCAGGGACTAAAGGATTTATAGGCCACACTTTCATGGTTTGTATTGACACTG
AATATCAAAATCAATGGGACTTTTACCCTTTGGTTGTACTTGAGATTTTTGTTCTCAATGAGTCCCCCTTAGGAAACCTGTGTTATCATTCAACAGATGT
GCTGCCCCAGCCACACTTCCCACCTGACAATGTCTTCAACCCAGATTGTCCTATAAAATACCTCAGCTCTAAGAAGTGGGATGTTAATCCCAGCTCTGCT
GTATGAATAAGTAAAAAGAAAAGAAAGGTAGTGTTATTTCACTGGAGCTTCTGCTCCAACCCCCTTCTACACCCTCTATGTCTTTTCAAAATGTCAAACT
AGAGTCAAGCTTAACAGGGTCTTCTTTCACGACTGATTCTACCAAGCCTGTTCCCTTGGCTGTGGCTTTCCTAGATAGTAGATAGGGACAGTGGGACTGT
TGTTAATCCATTCATGCACGTCACTAATTATATGACCAGGAATTTGGCTACCTTAAGGGAGTAATAGTTACTCCTGCCATTTACCCAGGCTTGGTTGAAT
TTCTTCATTTTGACATTCAGAGCAGTGGGAAGAAATCACATTGTATCAACACCATTTTCTGGCCATCACAATTCTATGTTTTAATTAGACAGTCAGATTC
CTCTTGTCTGTTCCAGTTCATAGTTGACAGTTGATTTCTTGCCAGACACATTTAAAATGTGCCCAAAACATCACAATAAAGTTCCATCCAAGTCCGCCAC
TAGTTTCCTAGTAGTAATCCTAGTCAGATCCTTAAAGATATATTAAGGGCCCAACAAGCCCTGCCCTATGGGCCAATCCTTTTGCCAAAGTTACGGATCT
ATTTTTCCAACTTCCCTTATCTATATTACTCTATTTACCAGAGCCTGCTCACCTTGGGGACCTGATGCGGATATTGGCACAGTTGGGTACAAGGGCTTGT
AAATCCCTTGTTTTTTCAAGGATTCTCAAGGACACACCAGACTTTAAAGCAGTGTAAATCTCTACCCATCAATAAACCCTATCTCCACATAGTTTTCTTC
CAGGGTTTCAGATTGTTAAGGAGAAAAGAAAACTGTTCCTGGGGTCCTTGCAGATGTAACCAAGCTCATATATGTTACCATTCAAAATCTGTATCCCAGT
TGTGGAGTTTTAACTACCTTCCATTTCAATAGGTGATGCTAACAAGAGCATACTTTAAAACAGGATTTCCCTATCTTTTAGGACTGACTAACTCATGTCC
CACTACTGTAACCATGGAAACCTTCCCCACTTCAGTCTTCAAGGTTCTCACTTGAATATTTGCTACTTCCACCAAAATTTGCACTAGAGGCTATTTCACT
CAGAATCACCGCTAAACCTTCAACACAAAATCCCCCACCTTCCTACTCATTAATATTTTGAATAATATTAATGACAAGGTATAGGAAATACACTTAAGCA
CCATCTATTTTCAGGGCTAGTTCATTCGGCCATTGAGTTGCTACACACTCATTAGCCAATTAGGACTTCCATGGCTAGTGTACCGCTGTCTAGATGACCT
AACACCTTTTGTGGTGTCTCATGAGCGTATATTCTGGAAACTTAACCTTGCATTTGGTTCATCCCTCATTGCCAGTTCTGCTTACCAAAAATGGCCCACA
AGAGACTCTCATTCAAATTCCTAAGTTCAATTAAGAAACAGGGGTATCTTACATATTTAAAGTTTGAGAATAGGTTAAGAATGTTTCATCCCCAAGGCCT
CTAATCATTACCTTTACCTCATAAAACTGATGTGAGTCTCTGCTATCCTGAGGGAAAATTTGGCAGGAACCTGCTACTAAATTGACCAATTAGTCTTTCA
CCCCTATACCCAAATTTGACAAGCTATTTTCATGTCAGAAATGCTATGAGATTCCACCAGATTTTGTCTGTCTTTGCCCTATCCAGCTCCCAGAATACTT
GCTCTTACTCAGTAACATCAATAAGTAATCTGGATTGGTCAATAGTGCACTTTTTAAACATCCCATTTACATTCACTTTCATCATGCATAAGGGTTTTAA
CACACAAAGACTTGCAAGCATGTTATACTCCTTGGTCTGTGTTTAAAGAAAGGTAATTGAAAGCTATTATACCAAAATTCTCAAAGAAATGATTAATTTG
TTTTACCAGACAAATGGCTTATTGCAATCCTTAATCTTAAAAATTGTATTGAATTTAAGGATTATAACACAGCCTAAACTGCAACATCTCTAAAAGCCTT
CTCCAACATTCAAAGATTGATGTTGGTCTGTTGATCATTAGAATACACCATTAGAAAAGCTGTACTAACAATGAAAAGTCTAACTTCAAATTTTTCCCTT
TTAACAATTTCACATACTGTTGACTCTCTTTCCAAAGTTCTTTTCATCTTTCCCACACAATAATTGTTTGCTATTGGTCTCTCACCTAGGTTTAACCTTA
GATGGAATTCAACATCCACTTTGACCTTCATCCCCAAACAACTCAACTCTTAGATACTGTATCATATAGTACTACTTATCCATTTCATAAATGGGATTAT
CACCCTCAATGATGCTGTTTTCCAATGGACTTATAAATGGGGTAGCACATAAAACAGCTCTTCGAATTACAACTCAGACTCTAAAATAGCCAGATTTCAA
ATTTGGGCTTTTCCCTCTTCATTTGCTGATACTGGGGTAATCCATTTTTGTTTCTTTTCCTCTGCTTATTGATATGCTCAAGTTCAGCAGGTAGTACCAC
CTGATTTGAGGTCTTAAACAAAACATTTCTCATACTGACAGGTTAGAAGCAATTTCATTCCTGTGAAGCAATGGAAGTATTTGAAAGATACACTTCTTAA
TGAAGATAATATATCACATTAAGTCAATCCAAATCAAAGTATGAAAAAAACTTATATATTTGAAGTGAGCCAATTACAGAAACTTGCAAAATAAATTAGA
GAATCTTAATAAAATACAATGAATTAATAAGAAATTTTTATGAAACTCAAACAGGTTTGCCATTCTGAATACAAAGAGGCACAGATTGTGTTCAAAGATT
CAAATATTCACTGAATTCTGAAATTCACATTTCTAATCATATTTAGCTGTGTTCTTCATTGATGTGAGAGCCTACAGATCCATTGTTAAAAGCTATATCA
TTTTTTGGTTTTTACATTCTTAAAACTTGATTTTAGACAATAAAAATAAGGGGGGAATGTGACAAATATTCATATCTTTCCCACATATCACAAATTACTA
TGTTTCAATAAAGACACATGTAATAAGGTAGAAGGTGTTTAAAATTCAAGAATTTATACCAAAATTGAGTTCACTCATTTCTTAATATTGATCCTTCCAC
AGGTTCACCTATGGAATCCTTGTTAAGGCTTTTACTTCCATAAATGACCAATTTTGTAGAACTCTGAAACAGTAAAGTGCTTTTTTCAACTCTTTGTAGT
CTCTCCGAATGCCTCATCAGGCTATTCAATTGGTAGTAGCAAAGGGCAGGGCACTAATAAACCCATTCTGATTACATACACTTACTAGGCATTCCTTGTT
GAAGCCAAGTGATTGCAATGCTCTATCCCCATCACAACCAGGTTTCACAATATTACCCAATCCTTTCAGATAAGGTGATATACTTTCTGGCTTGGTCAGT
GTAGTGCGTGTGCAGCCCAGAACATTTAAGGAAATTACAGACCTGTTATTTCCACTGACTGCCATCAACTAAACTTTGATACTCCCTCTAAGAAGTAAGA
AGTCAGCCTTAGCCAACTGGACTATTTAGCAGGGAAAGGCCTTGTTCATTATTGAAATTAACCTGACAAATAACTCCACCAATTAAGAACTGCCATGCAC
CAACAACCACAAAATCAAGAAAAAGCTATCAATCTGTCAATCCTTACTGTGTCTGGACCTGGTGAGTTTCCCCATGTTGAGTCAAATTAAGCCGCAGGCT
CCACTCCTGGTGGTGCCCTTCTGTCAATTCCTTCAAGTTTGAGCCTTGTGACCAAACTCCCCCAAGAACCTCAACTTAAGGTTTCCCTTTGGGTTCCAAA
CAAGTAATTAAGGATGCTTGTCTCATCCCCAGTTGGAATAGTTTACTATTAAGACTACAATGGTATATGATTGTTTTTGAACCCTTAACCTTTGTTCTTG
CTCAAAGAAATAATCCTTGGAAGATTCTTTTGCAGTAGTTTGTCTTAC
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